Language and occupation of indigenous peoples

Nanai and Udege languages are related to the southern branch of Tungus-Manchjurian languages. Currently, only 44 % of the indigenous population speak their native languages, these are mainly old and adult people. The district administration conducts certain actions to conserve the indigenous languages. A Russian-Nanai dictionary has been published, Nanai language lessons are taught by local broadcasts, and children are taught their native language in schools and kindergartens. However, Nanai families at home speak mainly Russian, though mixed marriages are very rare.

Nowadays, as centuries ago, the basic occupation and main source of income of indigenous peoples is the utilization of aquatic and forest resources based on the commune system of ancient times. Five national communes are located in the area of GMFA, they conduct harvesting and primary processing of timber, hunting, building, fishing, crafting, trading, and providing municipal services. Unfortunately, the percentage of unemployed people in the area of GMFA varies from 46 to 52 % in the villages, because of the economic crisis in Russia.